Bulgaria

Overview of Bulgaria

Bulgaria is a beautiful country, with a sprinkling of mountains; it is small in size but rich in ancient culture, scenic splendour, friendly people and old-fashioned warmth and hospitality. Situated in the southeast of Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula, Bulgaria is not as much a tourist destination as its Greek and Turkish neighbours despite the popularity of its reasonably priced Black Sea resorts, which are scenically captivating with their fine, sandy beaches, sunny climate, and safe seas.

Although better known for its sea resorts, the essential character of Bulgaria can really be found in its spectacular mountainous regions. The six very different mountain ranges in the country vary from high, snow-covered peaks to gentle green slopes and forests, harbouring thermal springs and mineral spas, and valleys where the air bears the fragrance of flowers and herbs. The Valley of Roses lies in the heart of the country and is one of the largest producers of rose oil in the world, giving credence to Bulgaria's soubriquet, 'Land of Roses'.

At the foot of the Vitosha Mountains lies the laid back capital city, Sofia, which is home to a great number of architectural monuments and museums. On the other hand, the rugged heights of the Rila and Pirin mountains form a spectacular setting for ski resorts, as well as the famous Rila Monastery and the majestic landscape of the Pirin National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Crossing the entire country is the Balkan Range, a 329 mile (530km) chain that offers some of the best hiking in Europe.

As varied as the different mountain ranges are the people who dwell in them, with distinctive regional customs, crafts, festivals, and folklore adding colour to the Bulgarian landscape. Small, picturesque villages welcome guests with typical, warm-hearted Bulgarian hospitality, sharing traditional cooking and a delight in their pastoral environment.

Bulgaria's history is displayed across the country in its old towns, ancient Thracian relics, decorated churches and monasteries, and in the rustic settlements that have preserved the traditional beliefs of its people. One of the country's biggest assets for visitors is its variety, but whatever aspect one chooses to explore, there is always the assurance of a warm welcome.

map of Bulgaria

Key Facts

Language:
Bulgarian is the official language, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet, but English, German and French are spoken in resorts, hotels, and restaurants.
Passport/Visa:

Visitors must have proof of sufficient funds or onward or return tickets in addition to other documents needed for the next destination. Immigration and entry regulations are very strictly enforced. Passports of all visitors should be valid for at least three months after leaving Bulgaria. We recommend that passports be valid for three months after intended period of travel. Visa requirements vary from country to country.

Currency:

The official currency is the Lev (BGN), which is divided into 100 stotinki. Bulgaria has strict currency regulations. If you enter Bulgaria with cash of any currency amounting to the equivalent of BGN 8,000 or more, you must declare it to customs officials. Foreign currency may be exchanged in banks, hotels, or at one of the numerous bureaux de change; however, due to a common practice of misleading rates of exchange it is better to go to banks to change money. A receipt called a bordereaux is issued when exchanging currency, indicating the amount that will be given, and it must be kept until departure. Major international credit cards are increasingly becoming accepted by tourist hotels, upmarket shops,and restaurants, travel agents and car rental agents, but Bulgaria is still largely a cash economy. There are ATMs in the main cities and at Black Sea resorts.

Electricity:
Electrical current is 230 volts, 50Hz. European two-pin plugs and schuko plugs are in use.

Travel to Bulgaria

Overview

Bulgaria is a country rich in both natural and cultural attractions and from a sightseeing perspective it caters to all tastes. Popular things to see and do in Bulgaria include myriad outdoor activities and opportunities for ecotourism, and the country's mountain scenery is unsurpassed. In addition to this natural splendour, Bulgaria has a rich history and folklore and visitors can enjoy a wealth of archaeological sites, religious institutions, museums and ethnographic attractions.

The capital city, Sofia, boasts a number of the most popular sightseeing attractions in Bulgaria, including the Boyana Church, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, St George Rotunda, the SS Cyril and Methodius National Library, and the St Sophia Church. Looming over the city is another great Bulgarian tourist attraction, the Vitosha Mountain, which provides a natural playground for visitors and locals alike in all seasons.

Bulgaria is half covered in mountains and it is the craggy beauty of its many ranges that most characterises the country in the global imagination. The more delicate, flowery mountains in the Rhodope range, which is scattered with picturesque villages, is complemented by the rugged splendour of the Pirin and Rila mountain ranges. Some of the most popular attractions in the mountainous regions are the 10th-century Rila Monastery, the Pirin National Park, the folk centre of Momchiloutsi village, and a number of ancient Thracian sites. This is, of course, in addition to the natural wonders of caves, hot springs, alpine lakes and dense forests.

Bulgaria's tourism tends to be dominated by its many beach and ski resorts but these holiday centres, enjoyable though they are, should only serve as a doorstep into the country, which has a lot to offer travellers, and is often overlooked as a great European destination.

Climate in Bulgaria

Bulgaria has a temperate-continental climate, which is typical for Central Europe.There are four distinct seasons: summer is long, hot, and generally considered peak tourist season; autumn is also a pleasant time of year popular with tourists for its rich, autumn colours and the fact that it is less crowded; winter is long and cold, but opffers great skiing opportunities; while spring is warm and lovely for all of the blossoming flowers.

Bulgaria is generally a sunny country with between 2,200 and 2,500 hours of sunlight every year. It can rain throughout the year and thunderstorms are common in the summer months. Snow falls abundantly between December and March, especially in the mountainous areas. There is a marked difference in weather between the mountains and the milder, southern regions near the Mediterranean sea. Summer temperatures, between June and August, average around 75°F (24°C); whereas winter temperatures, between December and February, average around 32°F (0°C). Bulgaria is a year-round tourism destination because it attracts off-season visitors for skiing, but the most popular time to visit is summer.

Health Notes when travelling to Bulgaria

Bulgaria poses few health risks and there are no vaccinations required for entry. Vaccinations for hepatitis A and hepatitis B are, however, always recommended for travellers, and a typhoid vaccination is recommended for travellers who may be eating and drinking outside of hotels and restaurants and travelling off the beaten track. Similarly, a rabies vaccination is recommended for travellers who will be spending a lot of time outdoors or who will be exposed to animals.

Travellers should note that medical treatment can be expensive and payment is expected immediately. Facilities in local hospitals are basic and specialised treatment or equipment may not be freely available. Medical insurance, with provision for emergency evacuation, is therefore vital. Travellers from the UK should also hold a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) in case of emergency medical treatment.

Safety Notes when travelling to Bulgaria

Most visits to Bulgaria are trouble-free. Violent crime is rare, but criminal groups target casinos and nightclubs and groups of young pickpockets are active in city centres and the Black Sea holiday resorts. Car theft is also relatively common.

Customs in Bulgaria

Foreigners should be aware that traditionally a shake of the head means 'yes' and a nod means 'no', although allowances are often made for visitors; it is useful to clarify the answer verbally to avoid confusion. Family values are extremely important in Bulgaria, so treating seniors with deference is important.

Duty Free in Bulgaria

Travellers to Bulgaria, aged 17 and older, do not need to pay customs duty on 200 cigarettes or 50 cigars or 250g of tobacco; 1 litre of spirits and 2 litres of wine; 50g of perfume or 100g of eau de toilette; and gifts. Allowances are larger for goods purchased within the EU. Prohibited items include arms and ammunition, narcotics and pornography.

Doing Business in Bulgaria

Relationship building is important in Bulgaria, and initial meetings may be used as an introduction, after which more business-related meetings can be planned. Face-to-face meetings are therefore preferred over communication by email, fax or phone. The use of English in business is increasing, however the services of a translator might be required, and presentations should include the use of visuals where possible. Introductions include firm handshakes, and the exchange of business cards. Dress should be conservative business attire and punctuality is expected. Business hours are generally 9am to 6pm, Monday to Friday.

Communication in Bulgaria

The country dialling code for Bulgaria is +359, followed by the relevant city code. The city code for Sofia is (0)2. The outgoing code is 00 followed by the relavent country code (e.g. 0044 for the United Kingdom). Betcom or Bulgarian Telecommunication Company phone booths require a special card available from kiosks. Telephone offices are also available and are attached to post offices. Bulgaria is one of the few countries in Europe that has no peak or off-peak call times. The country has mobile operators, and several Internet Service Providers. Internet cafes can be found across big cities.

Tipping in Bulgaria

Tips of 10 percent of the bill are customary for most services, including restaurants, while hotel porters and taxi drivers expect visitors to round up the bill for good service.

Passport/Visa Note

Visitors must have proof of sufficient funds or onward or return tickets in addition to other documents needed for the next destination. Immigration and entry regulations are very strictly enforced. Passports of all visitors should be valid for at least three months after leaving Bulgaria. We recommend that passports be valid for three months after intended period of travel. Visa requirements vary from country to country.

Entry Requirements

Entry requirements for Americans:

Citizens of the US do not need a visa to visit Bulgaria for a period of up to 90 days. Passports must be valid for at least three months beyond period of intended stay.

Entry requirements for Canadians:

Canadians do not need a visa to visit Bulgaria for a period of up to 90 days. A passport valid for at least three months beyond period of intended stay is required.

Entry requirements for UK nationals:

British Citizens do not need a visa to visit Bulgaria for a period of up to 90 days. A passport valid for at least three months beyond period of intended stay is required.

Entry requirements for Australians:

Australians do not need a visa to visit Bulgaria for a period of up to 90 days. A passport valid for at least three months beyond period of intended stay is required.

Entry requirements for Irish nationals:

Irish nationals do not need a visa to visit Bulgaria. A passport valid for the period of intended stay is required.

Entry requirements for New Zealanders:

New Zealanders do not require a visa for a maximum stay of 90 days. A passport valid for at least three months beyond period of intended stay is required.

Entry requirements for South Africans:

South Africans need a visa to enter Bulgaria, except for stays of up to 90 days for holders of a Schengen visa. A passport valid for at least three months beyond period of intended stay is required.

Tourist Offices

Bulgarian Tourism Office, Sofia: +359 2 987 9778 or http://www.bulgariatravel.org.

Bulgaria Embassies

In the United States:

Bulgarian Embassy, Washington DC, United States: +1 202 387 0174.

In Canada:

Bulgarian Embassy, Ottawa, Canada: +1 613 789 3215.

In the United Kingdom:

Bulgarian Embassy, London, United Kingdom: +44 20 7581 3144

In Australia:

Bulgarian Embassy, Canberra, Australia: +61 2 6286 9700

In Ireland:

Bulgarian Embassy, Dublin, Ireland: +353 1 660 3293.

In New Zealand:

Bulgarian Embassy, Canberra, Australia (also responsible for New Zealand): +61 2 6286 9700

In South Africa:

Bulgarian Embassy, Pretoria, South Africa: +27 12 342 3720/1.

Foreign Embassies in Bulgaria

American Embassy

United States Embassy, Sofia: +359 2 937 5100.

Canadian Embassy

Canadian Consulate, Sofia: +359 2 969 9710.

British Embassy

British Embassy, Sofia: +359 2 933 9222.

Australian Embassy

Australian Consulate, Sofia: +359 2 946 1334.

Irish Embassy

Irish Embassy, Sofia: +359 2 985 3425.

New Zealand Embassy

Australian Consulate, Sofia (also responsible for New Zealand): +359 2 946 1334.

South African Embassy

South African Embassy, Sofia: + 359 2 939 5015

Travel Advisories

Health Information for Travelers to Bulgaria

Content source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Map - Bulgaria

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Vaccines and Medicines

Check the vaccines and medicines list and visit your doctor (ideally, 4-6 weeks) before your trip to get vaccines or medicines you may need.

 

  Find Out Why Protect Yourself

All travelers

You should be up to date on routine vaccinations while traveling to any destination. Some vaccines may also be required for travel.
Routine vaccines

Make sure you are up-to-date on routine vaccines before every trip. These vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot.

 get_vaccinated hygiene

Most travelers

Get travel vaccines and medicines because there is a risk of these diseases in the country you are visiting.
Hepatitis A

CDC recommends this vaccine because you can get hepatitis A through contaminated food or water in Bulgaria, regardless of where you are eating or staying.

 get_vaccinated eat_drink

Some travelers

Ask your doctor what vaccines and medicines you need based on where you are going, how long you are staying, what you will be doing, and if you are traveling from a country other than the US.
Hepatitis B

You can get hepatitis B through sexual contact, contaminated needles, and blood products, so CDC recommends this vaccine if you might have sex with a new partner, get a tattoo or piercing, or have any medical procedures.

 get_vaccinated avoid_body_fluids avoid-non-sterile-equipment
Rabies

Although rabies can be found in dogs, bats, and other mammals in Bulgaria, it is not a major risk to most travelers. CDC recommends this vaccine only for these groups:

  • Travelers involved in outdoor and other activities in remote areas that put them at risk for animal bites (such as adventure travel and caving).
  • People who will be working with or around animals (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, and researchers).
  • People who are taking long trips or moving to remote areas in Bulgaria
  • Children, because they tend to play with animals, might not report bites, and are more likely to have animal bites on their head and neck.
 get_vaccinated animals

All travelers

You should be up to date on routine vaccinations while traveling to any destination. Some vaccines may also be required for travel.

get_vaccinated hygiene
Routine vaccines

Make sure you are up-to-date on routine vaccines before every trip. These vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot.

Most travelers

Get travel vaccines and medicines because there is a risk of these diseases in the country you are visiting.

get_vaccinated eat_drink
Hepatitis A

CDC recommends this vaccine because you can get hepatitis A through contaminated food or water in Bulgaria, regardless of where you are eating or staying.

Some travelers

Ask your doctor what vaccines and medicines you need based on where you are going, how long you are staying, what you will be doing, and if you are traveling from a country other than the US.

get_vaccinated avoid_body_fluids avoid-non-sterile-equipment
Hepatitis B

You can get hepatitis B through sexual contact, contaminated needles, and blood products, so CDC recommends this vaccine if you might have sex with a new partner, get a tattoo or piercing, or have any medical procedures.

get_vaccinated animals
Rabies

Although rabies can be found in dogs, bats, and other mammals in Bulgaria, it is not a major risk to most travelers. CDC recommends this vaccine only for these groups:

  • Travelers involved in outdoor and other activities in remote areas that put them at risk for animal bites (such as adventure travel and caving).
  • People who will be working with or around animals (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, and researchers).
  • People who are taking long trips or moving to remote areas in Bulgaria
  • Children, because they tend to play with animals, might not report bites, and are more likely to have animal bites on their head and neck.
Key
  • Get vaccinated
  • Eat and drink safely
  • Keep away from animals
  • Reduce your exposure to germs
  • Avoid sharing body fluids
  • Avoid non-sterile medical or cosmetic equipment

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Stay Healthy and Safe

Learn actions you can take to stay healthy and safe on your trip. Vaccines cannot protect you from many diseases in Bulgaria, so your behaviors are important.

 

Eat and drink safely

Unclean food and water can cause travelers' diarrhea and other diseases. Reduce your risk by sticking to safe food and water habits.

Eat
  • Food that is cooked and served hot
  • Hard-cooked eggs
  • Fruits and vegetables you have washed in clean water or peeled yourself
  • Pasteurized dairy products
Don't Eat
  • Food served at room temperature
  • Food from street vendors
  • Raw or soft-cooked (runny) eggs
  • Raw or undercooked (rare) meat or fish
  • Unwashed or unpeeled raw fruits and vegetables
  • Unpasteurized dairy products
  • ”Bushmeat” (monkeys, bats, or other wild game)
Drink
  • Bottled water that is sealed
  • Water that has been disinfected
  • Ice made with bottled or disinfected water
  • Carbonated drinks
  • Hot coffee or tea
  • Pasteurized milk
Don’t Drink
  • Tap or well water
  • Ice made with tap or well water
  • Drinks made with tap or well water (such as reconstituted juice)
  • Unpasteurized milk
Take Medicine

Talk with your doctor about taking prescription or over-the-counter drugs with you on your trip in case you get sick.

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Prevent bug bites

Bugs (like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas) can spread a number of diseases in Bulgaria. Many of these diseases cannot be prevented with a vaccine or medicine. You can reduce your risk by taking steps to prevent bug bites.

What can I do to prevent bug bites?
  • Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
  • Use an appropriate insect repellent (see below).
  • Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). Do not use permethrin directly on skin.
  • Stay and sleep in air-conditioned or screened rooms.
  • Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors.
What type of insect repellent should I use?
  • FOR PROTECTION AGAINST TICKS AND MOSQUITOES: Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours.
  • FOR PROTECTION AGAINST MOSQUITOES ONLY: Products with one of the following active ingredients can also help prevent mosquito bites. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer protection.
    • DEET
    • Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin)
    • Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD
    • IR3535
  • Always use insect repellent as directed.
What should I do if I am bitten by bugs?
  • Avoid scratching bug bites, and apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce the itching.
  • Check your entire body for ticks after outdoor activity. Be sure to remove ticks properly.
What can I do to avoid bed bugs?

Although bed bugs do not carry disease, they are an annoyance. See our information page about avoiding bug bites for some easy tips to avoid them. For more information on bed bugs, see Bed Bugs.

For more detailed information on avoiding bug bites, see Avoid Bug Bites.

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Stay safe outdoors

If your travel plans in Bulgaria include outdoor activities, take these steps to stay safe and healthy during your trip.

  • Stay alert to changing weather conditions and adjust your plans if conditions become unsafe.
  • Prepare for activities by wearing the right clothes and packing protective items, such as bug spray, sunscreen, and a basic first aid kit.
  • Consider learning basic first aid and CPR before travel. Bring a travel health kit with items appropriate for your activities.
  • Heat-related illness, such as heat stroke, can be deadly. Eat and drink regularly, wear loose and lightweight clothing, and limit physical activity during high temperatures.
    • If you are outside for many hours in heat, eat salty snacks and drink water to stay hydrated and replace salt lost through sweating.
  • Protect yourself from UV radiation: use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15, wear protective clothing, and seek shade during the hottest time of day (10 a.m.–4 p.m.).
  • Be especially careful during summer months and at high elevation. Because sunlight reflects off snow, sand, and water, sun exposure may be increased during activities like skiing, swimming, and sailing.
  • Very cold temperatures can be dangerous. Dress in layers and cover heads, hands, and feet properly if you are visiting a cold location.
Stay safe around water
  • Swim only in designated swimming areas. Obey lifeguards and warning flags on beaches.
  • Practice safe boating—follow all boating safety laws, do not drink alcohol if driving a boat, and always wear a life jacket.
  • Do not dive into shallow water.
  • Do not swim in freshwater in developing areas or where sanitation is poor.
  • Avoid swallowing water when swimming. Untreated water can carry germs that make you sick.
  • To prevent infections, wear shoes on beaches where there may be animal waste.
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Keep away from animals

Most animals avoid people, but they may attack if they feel threatened, are protecting their young or territory, or if they are injured or ill. Animal bites and scratches can lead to serious diseases such as rabies.

Follow these tips to protect yourself:

  • Do not touch or feed any animals you do not know.
  • Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not get animal saliva in your eyes or mouth.
  • Avoid rodents and their urine and feces.
  • Traveling pets should be supervised closely and not allowed to come in contact with local animals.
  • If you wake in a room with a bat, seek medical care immediately. Bat bites may be hard to see.

All animals can pose a threat, but be extra careful around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes. If you are bitten or scratched by an animal, immediately:

  • Wash the wound with soap and clean water.
  • Go to a doctor right away.
  • Tell your doctor about your injury when you get back to the United States.

Consider buying medical evacuation insurance. Rabies is a deadly disease that must be treated quickly, and treatment may not be available in some countries.

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Reduce your exposure to germs

Follow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling:

  • Wash your hands often, especially before eating.
  • If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
  • Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
  • Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
  • Try to avoid contact with people who are sick.
  • If you are sick, stay home or in your hotel room, unless you need medical care.
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Avoid sharing body fluids

Diseases can be spread through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, vomit, and semen.

Protect yourself:

  • Use latex condoms correctly.
  • Do not inject drugs.
  • Limit alcohol consumption. People take more risks when intoxicated.
  • Do not share needles or any devices that can break the skin. That includes needles for tattoos, piercings, and acupuncture.
  • If you receive medical or dental care, make sure the equipment is disinfected or sanitized.
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Know how to get medical care while traveling

Plan for how you will get health care during your trip, should the need arise:

  • Carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination.
  • Review your health insurance plan to determine what medical services it would cover during your trip. Consider purchasing travel health and medical evacuation insurance.
  • Carry a card that identifies, in the local language, your blood type, chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take.
  • Some prescription drugs may be illegal in other countries. Call Bulgaria’s embassy to verify that all of your prescription(s) are legal to bring with you.
  • Bring all the medicines (including over-the-counter medicines) you think you might need during your trip, including extra in case of travel delays. Ask your doctor to help you get prescriptions filled early if you need to.

Many foreign hospitals and clinics are accredited by the Joint Commission International. A list of accredited facilities is available at their website (www.jointcommissioninternational.org).

In some countries, medicine (prescription and over-the-counter) may be substandard or counterfeit. Bring the medicines you will need from the United States to avoid having to buy them at your destination.

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Select safe transportation

Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries.

In many places cars, buses, large trucks, rickshaws, bikes, people on foot, and even animals share the same lanes of traffic, increasing the risk for crashes.

Walking

Be smart when you are traveling on foot.

  • Use sidewalks and marked crosswalks.
  • Pay attention to the traffic around you, especially in crowded areas.
  • Remember, people on foot do not always have the right of way in other countries.
Riding/Driving

Choose a safe vehicle.

  • Choose official taxis or public transportation, such as trains and buses.
  • Ride only in cars that have seatbelts.
  • Avoid overcrowded, overloaded, top-heavy buses and minivans.
  • Avoid riding on motorcycles or motorbikes, especially motorbike taxis. (Many crashes are caused by inexperienced motorbike drivers.)
  • Choose newer vehicles—they may have more safety features, such as airbags, and be more reliable.
  • Choose larger vehicles, which may provide more protection in crashes.

Think about the driver.

  • Do not drive after drinking alcohol or ride with someone who has been drinking.
  • Consider hiring a licensed, trained driver familiar with the area.
  • Arrange payment before departing.

Follow basic safety tips.

  • Wear a seatbelt at all times.
  • Sit in the back seat of cars and taxis.
  • When on motorbikes or bicycles, always wear a helmet. (Bring a helmet from home, if needed.)
  • Avoid driving at night; street lighting in certain parts of Bulgaria may be poor.
  • Do not use a cell phone or text while driving (illegal in many countries).
  • Travel during daylight hours only, especially in rural areas.
  • If you choose to drive a vehicle in Bulgaria, learn the local traffic laws and have the proper paperwork.
  • Get any driving permits and insurance you may need. Get an International Driving Permit (IDP). Carry the IDP and a US-issued driver's license at all times.
  • Check with your auto insurance policy's international coverage, and get more coverage if needed. Make sure you have liability insurance.
Flying
  • Avoid using local, unscheduled aircraft.
  • If possible, fly on larger planes (more than 30 seats); larger airplanes are more likely to have regular safety inspections.
  • Try to schedule flights during daylight hours and in good weather.
Medical Evacuation Insurance

If you are seriously injured, emergency care may not be available or may not meet US standards. Trauma care centers are uncommon outside urban areas. Having medical evacuation insurance can be helpful for these reasons.

Helpful Resources

Road Safety Overseas (Information from the US Department of State): Includes tips on driving in other countries, International Driving Permits, auto insurance, and other resources.

The Association for International Road Travel has country-specific Road Travel Reports available for most countries for a minimal fee.

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Maintain personal security

Use the same common sense traveling overseas that you would at home, and always stay alert and aware of your surroundings.

Before you leave
  • Research your destination(s), including local laws, customs, and culture.
  • Monitor travel warnings and alerts and read travel tips from the US Department of State.
  • Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP).
  • Leave a copy of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home.
  • Pack as light as possible, and leave at home any item you could not replace.
While at your destination(s)
  • Carry contact information for the nearest US embassy or consulate.
  • Carry a photocopy of your passport and entry stamp; leave the actual passport securely in your hotel.
  • Follow all local laws and social customs.
  • Do not wear expensive clothing or jewelry.
  • Always keep hotel doors locked, and store valuables in secure areas.
  • If possible, choose hotel rooms between the 2nd and 6th floors.
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Healthy Travel Packing List

Use the Healthy Travel Packing List for Bulgaria for a list of health-related items to consider packing for your trip. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you.

Why does CDC recommend packing these health-related items?

It’s best to be prepared to prevent and treat common illnesses and injuries. Some supplies and medicines may be difficult to find at your destination, may have different names, or may have different ingredients than what you normally use.

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Travel Health Notices

There are no notices currently in effect for Bulgaria.

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After Your Trip

If you are not feeling well after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, see Find a Clinic. Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while traveling.

For more information on what to do if you are sick after your trip, see Getting Sick after Travel.

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Map Disclaimer - The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement are generally marked.

Currency

The official currency is the Lev (BGN), which is divided into 100 stotinki. Bulgaria has strict currency regulations. If you enter Bulgaria with cash of any currency amounting to the equivalent of BGN 8,000 or more, you must declare it to customs officials. Foreign currency may be exchanged in banks, hotels, or at one of the numerous bureaux de change; however, due to a common practice of misleading rates of exchange it is better to go to banks to change money. A receipt called a bordereaux is issued when exchanging currency, indicating the amount that will be given, and it must be kept until departure. Major international credit cards are increasingly becoming accepted by tourist hotels, upmarket shops,and restaurants, travel agents and car rental agents, but Bulgaria is still largely a cash economy. There are ATMs in the main cities and at Black Sea resorts.

Exchange rate for 1 BGN - Bulgarian Lev
0.57 BMD
Bermudan Dollar 		0.51 EUR
Euro 		0.57 USD
U.S. Dollar 		0.40 GBP
U.K. Pound Sterling 		62.20 JPY
Japanese Yen 		0.75 CAD
Canadian Dollar
0.56 CHF
Swiss Franc 		0.79 AUD
Australian Dollar 		14.34 UAH
Ukrainian Hryvnia 		192.89 KZT
Kazakhstani Tenge 		860.10 LBP
Lebanese Pound 		0.41 LYD
Libyan Dinar
3.92 BOB
Bolivian Boliviano 		61.62 NPR
Nepalese Rupee 		0.22 OMR
Omani Rial 		2.08 QAR
Qatari Rial 		0.79 SGD
Singapore Dollar 		4.73 SEK
Swedish Krona
3.79 TTD
Trinidad Tobago Dollar 		5.70 VEF
Venezuelan Bolivar 		26.18 DOP
Dominican Peso 		3.84 HRK
Croatian Kuna 		10.64 MXN
Mexican Peso 		334.88 XOF
West African CFA Franc
1.81 PGK
Papua New Guinean kina 		0.57 BSD
Bahamian Dollar 		1.21 FJD
Fiji Dollar 		12.93 HNL
Honduran Lempira 		63.13 DZD
Algerian Dinar 		680.45 MMK
Myanma Kyat
6.39 BWP
Botswana Pula 		1.92 PEN
Peruvian Nuevo Sol 		396.13 CLP
Chilean Peso 		273.08 AMD
Armenia Dram 		13.81 CZK
Czech Koruna 		11.41 MDL
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Exchange Rate for
U.S. Dollar to Bulgarian Lev

1 USD = 1.75 BGN

Exchange Rate for
Euro to Bulgarian Lev

1 EUR = 1.96 BGN

Exchange Rate for
Canadian Dollar to Bulgarian Lev

1 CAD = 1.34 BGN

Exchange Rate for
U.K. Pound Sterling to Bulgarian Lev

1 GBP = 2.52 BGN

Exchange Rate for
Australian Dollar to Bulgarian Lev

1 AUD = 1.27 BGN

Exchange Rate for
New Zealand Dollar to Bulgarian Lev

1 NZD = 1.19 BGN

Exchange Rate for
South African Rand to Bulgarian Lev

1 ZAR = 0.11 BGN

Sofia Airport (SOF)
Sofia International Airport
http://www.sofia-airport.bg

Location: Sofia The airport is situated six miles (10km) east of Sofia.

map of Sofia Airport

Time: Local time is GMT +2 (GMT +3 from the end of March to the end of October).

Contacts: Tel: +359 (0)2 937 2211/2 (international flights departures and arrivals).

Transfer between terminals: A free shuttle operates between the terminals at 30-minute intervals from 7am to 7pm.

Getting to the city: Regular bus services 84 and 384 run on a frequent schedule day and night from the bus station close to Arrivals. Passengers will have to pay extra for large pieces of luggage. The journey takes around 40 minutes on weekdays, and is slightly faster on weekends and holidays. Most hotels and tourist resorts run their own airport shuttles.

Car rental: Avis, Hertz, Budget, Europcar and Sixt have desks located in the arrivals hall.

Airport Taxis: Taxis are available, and passengers are advised to use OK Supertrans taxis from outside the arrivals hall. Their enquiries desk is located inside the arrivals hall of both terminals. If no taxis are available, passengers can request one at the taxi desks located within the arrivals halls.

Facilities: The airport is well equipped with banks, currency exchange, ATMs, restaurants, cafeterias and bars, duty-free shopping, a chemist, travel agency, tourist information desk and first aid facilities. There is also a business lounge with internet access, and a luggage-wrapping machine at departures.

Parking: Parking at Terminal 1 is in an open lot, and costs BGN 2 for 20 minutes, BGN 3 for an hour, BGN 6 for two hours, BGN 9 for three hours, escalating to BGN 30 for 24 hours; each additional day is BGN 10. Payment is made at the cash desk at the car park exit. Parking at Terminal 2 is in a parking garage, and charges similar rates; payment is made at the machine by the elevators, or the adjacent pay desk.

Varna International Airport (VAR)
Varna International Airport
http://www.varna-airport.bg

Location: Black Sea Coast The airport is situated on the western outskirts, about six miles (10km) from Varna.

map of Varna International Airport

Time: Local time is GMT +2 (GMT +3 from April to September).

Contacts: Tel: +359 52 573 323.

Getting to the city: Public bus 409, which passes through central Varna and travels as far as Golden Sands resort, serves the airport; departures are from in front of the VIP hall. Taxis are available in front of International Arrivals, but the meters are often not working and it is advisable to agree on a fare with the driver before departure. Many resort hotels run their own shuttle services to and from the airport.

Car rental: Car rental agents are on site at the airport including Avis, Hertz, Sixt and Europcar.

Airport Taxis:

Facilities: The airport has currency exchange facilities, a large restaurant and duty-free shops.

Parking: Parking is available just opposite the terminal and is open 24 hours a day. The first ten minutes are free and charges start at BGN 2 per hour thereafter. However, a flat rate of BGN 15 applies for between seven and 12 hours of parking, while charges increase slightly thereafter.

Departure Tax: US$20 (nationals of the USA only).

Bourgas Airport (BOJ)
Bourgas International Airport
http://www.burgas-airport.bg

Location: Black Sea Coast The airport is situated six miles (10km) from Bourgas.

map of Bourgas Airport

Time: Local time is GMT +2 (GMT +3 from April to September).

Contacts: Tel: +359 56 870 248 (Departures), +359 56 870 272 (Arrivals).

Getting to the city: Most passenger flights into Bourgas Airport are part of package holiday deals and visitors are conveyed by their host tour operators. Taxis are available, and local buses also serve the airport.

Car rental: Car rental is available.

Airport Taxis:

Facilities: The airport has a bureau de change, bank, restaurant, duty free shop, post office and first aid facilities.

Parking:

Golden Sands
Black Sea Coast

Golden Sands ( Zlatni Piasaci) is one of the biggest holiday resort complexes along the northern coastline of Bulgaria, famous for its healing hot-water mineral springs as well as its beautiful two-mile (4km) stretch of fine sandy beach. The resort is 11 miles (18km) north of Varna, and sits at the foot of the forested hills of the Zlatni Piasaci National Park, which is one of the oldest in the country and features a variety of interesting flora and fauna. Golden Sands offers the whole family ideal holiday conditions with plenty of entertainment, sporting activities, warm and clean water, year round luxury hotels and villas, restaurants, bars and spa treatments, making it one of the most popular vacation destinations on the Black Sea Coast.

Nightlife in Golden Sands

Golden Sands' nightlife features a wide range of beach bars, discos and nightclubs where holiday visitors can keep the action going until the early hours. A casino will satisfy the gambling spirit and there is always a variety of shows and entertainment to be had, ranging from live music and deejays to floor shows, cabaret, and a go-go bar.

Shopping in Golden Sands

Visitors can enjoy browsing in the numerous shopping arcades and outdoor bazaars while on holiday in Golden Sands. While Golden Sands' shopping opportunities are fairly commercial, most of the hotels have large gift shops and some authentic Bulgarian crafts can usually be found among the usual tourist beach resort merchandise.

Things to do in Golden Sands

The holiday resort of Golden Sands offers a huge array of activities for visitors of all ages, both in and out of the water. Some of the options available are indoor and outdoor swimming pools (including mineral pools and waterslides), tennis and volleyball, bowling, mini-golf, fitness centres, horseriding and cycling. A wide range of watersports are also available, including yachting, jet skiing, waterskiing and a scuba diving centre. For the more adrenaline-seeking, hang-gliding and parasailing are offered. A balneotherapy centre provides natural spa treatments and medical programmes for those seeking healing, or just avid for a bit of pampering.

Things to be aware of in Golden Sands

Golden Sands is a large tourist complex and one of the biggest on the northern Black Sea Coast. For this reason it is a little characterless and visitors can miss out on what Bulgarian life along the Black Sea is really about amid the commercial attractions.

Dining in Golden Sands

Golden Sands has a range of restaurants, cafés, snack bars and local tavernas that serve a wide variety of first-class international cuisine, as well as traditional Bulgarian dishes, mostly at reasonable prices. In addition to Bulgarian cuisine, Chinese restaurants, Irish pubs, and eateries selling international staples like pizza and barbecue can be found. Bulgarian wine and brandies appear on most menus.

Sunny Beach
Black Sea Coast

Lying about 22 miles (35km) north of Bourgas, Sunny Beach is the largest Bulgarian sea resort. Sunny Beach is situated on a wide semi-circular bay along the southern part of the Black Sea Riviera, with a five-mile (8km) strip of beach backed by natural golden sand dunes, which is regarded as the best beach along the coast and is a widely popular holiday destination. It is naturally protected by the Balkan mountain range to the north, and with its warm Mediterranean climate, clean and calm water, and safe swimming, it is a perfect all-round holiday destination, living up to its motto 'Where families come first'. Only the most world-weary of visitors could get bored here considering the wide variety of activities and entertainment, including almost every kind of sport imaginable and plenty of fun and games for children. The resort comprises of more than 120 modern hotels, and offers a wide range of services as well as organised day trips to surrounding attractions, including the ancient town of Nessebur.

Nightlife in Sunny Beach

Nightlife in Sunny Beach is varied and ranges from nightclubs, discos, casinos and bars, to cafés, folk-style spots and a variety of acts and entertainment in the local taverns. The nightlife in Sunny Beach is so varied and energetic that holidaymakers visit from surrounding resorts to make the most of the Bulgarian entertainment scene.

Shopping in Sunny Beach

Sunny Beach features several big shopping centres which provide plenty of opportunities for visitors to find clothes, souvenirs and food while on holiday. You'll find traditional Bulgarian souvenirs like leather and textiles, wooden toys and puzzles, and jewellery alongside touristy fare like t-shirts, sunglasses and postcards at places like the Royal Beach Mall in the centre of town.

Things to do in Sunny Beach

Besides sunbathing and swimming, the holiday resort of Sunny Beach offers so many water and land-based activities that it is impossible for holidaymakers to be bored. Sports include windsurfing, sailing, water skiing, parasailing, beach volleyball, mini-golf, horse riding, climbing, cycling and tennis, and there are also fitness centres, swimming pools and spa treatment centres. Coaches and equipment are generally provided. Children are more than adequately catered for and will find an endless supply of organised activities, competitions and playgrounds.

Things to be aware of in Sunny Beach

The Sunny Beach holiday resort can get very crowded during peak season with over 100 hotels and two large campsites accommodating thousands of visitors.

Dining in Sunny Beach

More than 130 restaurants and taverns in the Sunny Beach holiday resort cater to foreign tastes with a wide range of cuisine for holidaymakers of all nationalities. Places to eat in Sunny Beach range from familiar British pubs for homesick tourists, to traditional Bulgarian mehanas, and the range of cuisines ensures there are options to suit all budgets.

Nessebar
Black Sea Coast

North of Bourgas lies the ancient town and popular Bulgarian holiday destination of Nessebar, located on the tip of a long and narrow peninsula in the Black Sea. The picturesque town is one of the oldest in Europe, emerging as a fortified Thracian settlement over 9,000 years ago and changing hands many times before being captured by the Bulgarians in the 7th century. Like many European cities, Nessebar has an old town and a new town, but it is the old quarter that gives the peninsula its character, and is protected as a UNESCO World Heritage site. A popular tourist attraction, Nessebar charms holidaymakers with its narrow cobblestone streets, period wooden houses, courtyards, taverns and romantic atmosphere. The old town is famous for its medieval churches, with beautiful facades and well-preserved interiors that are remnants of the historic Slav and Greek Orthodox communities. Nessebar is an architectural and historic monument of Bulgarian culture and is one of the most popular tourist resorts along the southern coast. It offers a good selection of private accommodation, and the new town has modern facilities as well as larger hotels.

Nightlife in Nessebar

Nessebar's nightlife is limited, but the mega-resort of Sunny Beach is just two miles (3km) away and offers an excellent nightlife for those seeking more entertainment than the quiet beach holiday can offer.

Shopping in Nessebar

Popular souvenirs from Nessebar include leather and textiles, wooden toys, and silver jewellery. The street markets in Nessebar's old quarter have a good variety of colourful mementos.

Things to do in Nessebar

Nessebar has two beaches near the new town as well as the nearby beaches of the Sunny Beach resort, which also offers all the activities of a large-scale tourist resort. The old town is full of architectural monuments, ancient churches and museums to explore.

Things to be aware of in Nessebar

For modern amenities and a bigger variety of holiday accommodation it is necessary to stay in the new town on the mainland, which doesn't have the charm and atmosphere of the old quarter.

Dining in Nessebar

Nessebar has no shortage of restaurants, cafés and taverns for visitors to choose from on holiday. The most alluring restaurants are along Roussalka and Tsar Ivan Assen Streets on the southeastern tip of the peninsula. Fresh seafood and sea views are the order of the day!

Varna
Black Sea Coast

As the third largest city in Bulgaria, one of the country's most attractive towns, and a popular holiday destination, Varna is known as 'Bulgaria's Seaside Capital' and the 'Pearl of the Black Sea Coast'. The town is arranged in tiers along the curve of Varna Bay, and besides being a popular beach resort, it rivals the important cities of Sofia and Plovdiv in its wealth of museums, art galleries, historical buildings and cultural entertainment, and as such is a year-round holiday destination.

The 19th-century Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin is an impressive landmark, while the extensive ruins of the Roman Spa in the centre of town constitutes the largest ancient building in Bulgaria, dating back to the 2nd century AD. Varna is the main port for commercial and naval shipping and has a casual, cosmopolitan atmosphere with a Mediterranean charm created by the sunny climate, calm sea, beach promenades and red-tiled roofs, popular with holidaymakers.

Varna is the gateway to the nearby beach resorts, including Albena and the mega-resort of Golden Sands, and numerous scenic spots along the coast are within easy reach, such as the nature reserve at Kamchia and the crumbling rock formations and dramatic cliffs along the Balchik coast.

Nightlife in Varna

Like most holiday beach destinations, this Bulgarian resort town has a number of nightclubs and bars along the sand and in the city centre, contributing to a vibrant nightlife. Varna is a city and has all the amenities and entertainments one would expect.

Shopping in Varna

Shopping in Varna is focused on the massive Varna Shopping Mall, which is one of the largest in Bulgaria. Its shops offer everything from souvenirs and beachwear to music and electronics. There are also shopping promenades located in Bul. Slivnitsa and its surrounding area.

Things to do in Varna

Although not known for its sightseeing, Varna offers a number of museums and attractions to entertain visitors when they're not enjoying the sunny weather on the beach. The Varna Archaeological Museum has large collections of fossils and cultural artefacts, and the Bulgar Settlement of Phanagoria stages historical reenactments in its mock village. Varna also has a number of art galleries, theatres, and other cultural institutions. You can also make a day trip to the petrified forest a few kilometres away.

Things to be aware of in Varna

Many of the buildings in Varna are uninspired Socialist-era architecture and look slightly run-down, and the city is cut off from the beach by a large garden.

Dining in Varna

Eating out in Varna includes a huge selection of informal cafes and good restaurants to choose from. You can enjoy mouth-watering seafood with your toes in the sand, sample traditional Bulgarian food, or try some Bulgarian wine at one of the upmarket restaurants. Those on a budget will find plentiful wallet-friendly options.

Pamporovo
Mountains

A modern ski resort in the heart of the Rhodope Mountains, at an altitude of 5,413ft (1,650m), Pamporovo is a popular ski holiday destination with a sunny climate and powdery snow. The town provides a variety of excellent ski runs covering all degrees of difficulty, most of them starting from the Snejanka peak above the resort. With plenty of easy slopes, the resort is ideal for beginners and families, and the ski school is considered one of the best in Europe with highly qualified English-speaking instructors. The unique Mediterranean climate is thought to be extremely healthy and provides excellent conditions for climatic therapy and health tourism all year round, and there are a variety of excellent spas within the resort. Off the slopes there are loads of opportunities for entertainment and plenty of interesting tourist attractions. The Rhodope Mountains have long been the source of legends and stories, including the mythical singer Orpheus, and the region is full of rich folk traditions and culture. Pamporovo is a two and a half hour transfer from Sofia airport.

Nightlife in Pamporovo

The nightlife in Pamporovo is lively and incredibly cheap, with plenty of options to choose from, whether you're the kind of holidaymaker who prefers sipping wine in a quiet bar, heading to one of the many pubs, or hitting the town until the early hours. Many of the most popular entertainment venues are attached to the big hotels.

Shopping in Pamporovo

The main shopping centre in Pamporovo, containing mostly boutiques, souvenir shops and sports gear outlets, is attached to the Hotel Perelik and should amply satisfy the shopping urges of holidaymakers. There is also a shopping centre at Murgavets Hotel. Many stores sell traditional Bulgarian souvenirs, and there are a variety of shops that stock ski equipment.

Things to do in Pamporovo

Ski season in Pamporovo comes hand in hand with a full programme of events and activities for holiday visitors to enjoy, ranging from bum-boarding to a raucous ski-instructor's show. Bowling is offered at hotels, ice-skating, skidooing and tobogganing are popular pastimes.

Things to be aware of in Pamporovo

This is not a ski resort for experienced skiers, while there is the odd black slope, most of the skiing is gentle and unchallenging. There are plenty of pubs offering cheap booze and a good atmosphere in Pamporovo, but the après ski is not as lively as in other Bulgarian resorts.

Dining in Pamporovo

Pamporovo restaurants serve a wide variety of cuisine, but most holidaymakers favour the local folk taverns like the Chevermeto, where whole sheep are roasted over open fires and dancers in traditional costumes provide colourful entertainment. Lively pubs selling international staples like steak and pizza are numerous, and those looking for more upmarket dining will find a few restaurant options worthy of the fine Bulgarian wine.

Borovets
Mountains

Borovets is the oldest and largest ski resort in Bulgaria and is a favourite for beginners and families looking for a good-value ski holiday destination. The resort is situated on the northern slopes of the Rila Mountains at the foot of Moussala, the highest peak in the country. Nestled among old pine forests, the resort was founded in 1896 as a hunting lodge for kings and aristocrats and gradually developed into a modern resort with luxury hotels, restaurants and a superb network of ski runs varying in difficulty. There is also a wide choice of off-slope entertainment and nightlife as well as organised trips to places of interest in the Rila Mountains. Winters are mild and snowy and the air is clean, clear and invigorating. Borovets is a short 90 minute transfer from the airport in Sofia.

Nightlife in Borovets

Every night is party time when it comes to Borovets' nightlife, as it has a reputation for being one of the hotspots on the European ski circuit and a popular destination with lively holidaymakers. The fun is fuelled by the fact that drinks are cheap, there are long happy hours, and sometimes drinks are even offered for free. All the bars, clubs and discos serve well-known international brands as well as local beers like Astika, Zagorka and Kamenitza. Beware the national drink, rakia: it is a rather strong variety of plum brandy and not for the faint of heart.

Shopping in Borovets

The busy shopping street in front of the Rila Hotel is a beehive of open-fronted small shops, with a colourful market atmosphere, selling all sorts of goods from ski gear to souvenirs. The prices here much lower than elsewhere in Europe.

Things to do in Borovets

Off the ski slopes Borovets has all the usual amenities of a winter holiday resort, and many hotels offering indoor swimming pools, saunas and gyms. Night skiing is often available from 5pm to 10pm. Visitors can also take excursions to nearby resorts or places of interest, like the Rila Monastery. Ice-skating and skidoos are also an option for chilly fun in the sun.

Things to be aware of in Borovets

Borovets is perfect for those seeking a fun skiing holiday on a tight budget, but don't expect Three-Valleys sophistication. There are few challenging slopes for advaced skiers, and there is limited off-piste skiing. Borovets can appear almost abandoned in the summer, though there is good hiking.

Dining in Borovets

Most people go to Borovets on a package holiday, staying in a self-catering apartment or at one of the big hotels that have their own bars and restaurants. Those looking for a change of scenery will find that there are plenty of excellent restaurants in town serving international cuisine and traditional Bulgarian dishes, along with delicious local wines. There are also British-style pubs, burger bars and pizza restaurants. The mountain restaurants offer traditional warming stew and fast food alike.

Sandanski
Mountains

A popular holiday retreat, Sandanski is an internationally-renowned health destination situated in the foothills of the Pirin Mountains and is one of Bulgaria's best spa resorts. Sandanski records the highest number of sunny days in Bulgaria, and a combination of clean air, a mild climate, beautiful surroundings and natural mineral springs make it an ideal town for rehabilitation, recreation and spa treatments. The town is famous for its treatment of respiratory problems, particularly bronchial asthma, but the comprehensive balneo-climatic treatments also address numerous other conditions.

Sandanski is a small town in the Bistritsa river valley, with a population of around 30,000. The city centre is a beautiful place to walk around, with a number of restaurants, shops, hotels, art galleries and internet cafes. The town hosts several festivals throughout the year and is a point of departure to various attractions in the Pirin Mountains, including the sandstone pyramids in Melnik, the thermal hot springs at the Rupite volcanic crater, and the Rila Monastery.

Nightlife in Sandanski

Although renowned for its spa holidays, Sandanski boasts a surprisingly energetic nightlife, with a variety of clubs, lounges and bars to investigate.

Shopping in Sandanski

Shopping in Sandanski is concentrated in the city centre, with a number of shops, art galleries, and market stalls dotted around Macedonia Avenue. Popular Sandanski souvenirs include wooden toys and puzzles, local art, and clothes. There are also several ateliers who makes custom suits at prices far below those in other parts of Europe.

Things to do in Sandanski

One of the main attractions of Sandanski is its proximity to the beautiful Pirin Mountains, which offer a variety of activities including hiking, visiting the numerous local wineries, and bathing in thermal hot springs. Other sights worth visiting are the sandstone pyramids in Melnik, the thermal hot springs at the Rupite volcanic crater, and the Rila Monastery.

In town, you'll find an Archaeological Museum and a tranquil park featuring a lake with paddleboats and outdoor theatre.

Dining in Sandanski

Eating out options in Sandanski include a range of sidewalk cafes and outdoor restaurants. Many of the hotels in the city offer good places to eat, and most of Sandanski's restaurants are clustered around the city centre, within easy walking distance.

Bansko
Mountains

Tucked into the foothills of the Pirin Mountains in Bulgaria, the ski resort town of Bansko is charming and historic against its stunning alpine backdrop. Bansko's alpine skiing, hiking, and rock climbing opportunities are extensive, and its culture and history, stretching back to the 10th century, is rich and vibrant with traditional taverna-style cuisine and colourful folklore. The traditional stone and wooden buildings are an integral part of its charm and character and many relics and monuments survive from its past. While Bansko is well-known for its Alpine skiing, the town is also conveniently near the resort of Shiligarnika, which boasts Bulgaria's best downhill skiing.

Nightlife in Bansko

The nightlife in Bansko is not as wild as in some of Bulgaria's other popular holiday resorts, like Borovets and Pamporovo. This small, old-fashioned town takes its tone from the quiet locals, who prefer to while away the evenings in the large selection of low-ceilinged taverns and pubs before a roaring fire. Most offer entertainment in the form of local musicians or folk orchestras, particularly during the winter ski season. There are some low-key discotheques offering dancing, frequented by the local youth as well as visiting foreigners.

Shopping in Bansko

Holidaymakers shopping in Bansko will find plenty of souvenirs in the form of local crafts, especially embroidered goods. Many shops focus on skiing equipment, but on Sundays there is a market that offers fresh produce and a variety of locally-made goods.

Things to do in Bansko

The holiday resort of Bansko does not offer many diversions in winter apart from good skiing and snowboarding, but the area is well known for its thermal hot springs and these together with several excellent swimming pools, which generally have saunas, Turkish baths and fitness rooms attached, allow for a relaxing experience off the slopes. There are a number of sights in the area around Bansko that are worth visiting, like the historic Rila Monastary, the town of Melnik, Yagodinska Cave, and The Dancing Bears Rehabilitation Park.

Things to be aware of in Bansko

Bansko is quiet and not suited to 'party animals'. Expert skiiers may not find enough challenge on the skiing slopes, which are best suited to beginners and intermediates.

Dining in Bansko

Bansko is not short on cosy eateries, with dozens of taverns in the town serving up hearty traditional Bulgarian cuisine, and holidaymakers will not go hungry. Restaurants and pubs selling international staples are also readily available.

Overview of the Attractions in Bulgaria

Bulgaria is a country rich in both natural and cultural attractions and from a sightseeing perspective it caters to all tastes. Popular things to see and do in Bulgaria include myriad outdoor activities and opportunities for ecotourism, and the country's mountain scenery is unsurpassed. In addition to this natural splendour, Bulgaria has a rich history and folklore and visitors can enjoy a wealth of archaeological sites, religious institutions, museums and ethnographic attractions.

The capital city, Sofia, boasts a number of the most popular sightseeing attractions in Bulgaria, including the Boyana Church, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, St George Rotunda, the SS Cyril and Methodius National Library, and the St Sophia Church. Looming over the city is another great Bulgarian tourist attraction, the Vitosha Mountain, which provides a natural playground for visitors and locals alike in all seasons.

Bulgaria is half covered in mountains and it is the craggy beauty of its many ranges that most characterises the country in the global imagination. The more delicate, flowery mountains in the Rhodope range, which is scattered with picturesque villages, is complemented by the rugged splendour of the Pirin and Rila mountain ranges. Some of the most popular attractions in the mountainous regions are the 10th-century Rila Monastery, the Pirin National Park, the folk centre of Momchiloutsi village, and a number of ancient Thracian sites. This is, of course, in addition to the natural wonders of caves, hot springs, alpine lakes and dense forests.

Bulgaria's tourism tends to be dominated by its many beach and ski resorts but these holiday centres, enjoyable though they are, should only serve as a doorstep into the country, which has a lot to offer travellers, and is often overlooked as a great European destination.

Pirin National Park
Mountains

Situated in the highest reaches of the Pirin Mountains, Pirin National Park encompasses rugged alpine peaks that rise 8,202ft (2,500m) into the atmosphere with more than a hundred glacial lakes spread at their feet. The magnificent landscape is made up of old forests, waterfalls, caves and areas of limestone that are home to near-extinct flowers like the edelweiss and Pirin poppy. Boasting an abundance of rare and endemic species of plants and animals, this unique national park is listed as a UNESCO World Cultural and National Heritage Site.

Alpine mountaineering and skiing are popular activities in Pirin, as is hiking. The park boasts numerous, well-maintained hiking trails which wind through stunning scenery. There are also little wooden huts with bunk beds for hikers to sleep in on the trails. The hiking trails are generally pleasantly uncrowded but if you want to spend the night in one of these rustic huts then it is best to book it in advance. The popularity of the park with outdoor enthusiasts, together with the cultural heritage of the surrounding mountain settlements and stunning scenery, make Pirin National Park an attractive tourist destination which usually rates highly on a Bulgarian travel itinerary.

map of Pirin National Park

Website: http://www.pirin-np.com

St. Sofia Church
Sofia

The St Sofia Church, also called the Hagia Sophia Church, is the oldest Eastern Orthodox church in the city, dating from the 4th to 6th century, and is regarded as one of the most significant examples of early Christian architecture in the Balkans. In the 14th century the church gave its name to the city of Sofia, meaning 'holy wisdom'.

The church was built on the site of several earlier churches and places of worship, dating back to the days when the site was part of the necropolis of the Roman town of Serdica. As a result, several tombs have been discovered under and around the church which are incredibly interesting for history buffs.

During the Turkish rule the church was converted into a mosque, but was abandoned after two successive earthquakes destroyed one of the minarets almost 30 years later, and it was again converted into an orthodox church. Local legends credit St Sofia's miraculous powers for its protection over the centuries, surviving occupations and natural disasters to remain a spiritual inspiration to the city.

map of St. Sofia Church

Address: ul. Paris 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.

St George Rotunda
Sofia

The rotunda church of St George is considered to be the oldest building in Sofia, dating back to the 4th century, and is situated amid the remains of the ancient Roman town of Serdica. The St George Rotunda is famous for its exquisite architecture and layers of medieval frescoes that were discovered under a covering of plaster.

The church currently functions as a museum and the magnificent dome is protected by UNESCO. It is located in a square enclosed by the Presidential Buildings and this makes the contrast between the ancient and the modern quite striking. There is a fair amount of information on the history and significance of the site available at the entrance, which is worth reading. There is a pleasant restaurant next door to the site where you can enjoy a meal with views of the church, and if you linger for a while you might well see the guards marching by.

Visitors must ensure that they are dressed appropriately and conservatively as people with bare arms or legs will not be allowed entry into the church.

map of St George Rotunda

Address: bul. Kniaz Aleksandar Dondukov 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.

Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
Sofia

One of the finest examples of 20th-century architecture in Sofia, and one of the most iconic buildings in the city, the magnificent Alexander Nevsky Cathedral was built between 1882 and 1912 to honour the Russian soldiers who died fighting to liberate Bulgaria from Turkish rule in the war of 1878 under Tsar Alexander II. It is one of the biggest cathedrals on the Balkan Peninsula. The famous religious monument is situated in the centre of Sofia, on the tree-lined square of the same name, which also contains the Monument of the Unknown Soldier.

The impressive five-nave basilica houses an interior just as splendid, with mosaics, stained glass windows, marble and woodcarvings as well as frescoes that cover the walls and domes. The underground crypt houses the Icon Museum featuring icon paintings from across the country that represents masterpieces ranging from the 9th to the 18th century. For those who fall in love with the Bulgarian icons, there is often a local artist who paints and sells replicas in the little museum gift shop. There is also a souvenir market very close by.

The cathedral is an active place of worship, so services and events may disrupt sightseeing, but entry to the main building is free.

map of Alexander Nevsky Cathedral

Address: pl. "Sveti Aleksandar Nevski", 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.

National Ethnographic Museum
Sofia

The National Ethnographic Museum in downtown Sofia has one of the richest collections of cultural artefacts on the Balkan Peninsula, representing the traditions, arts, crafts and lifestyle of the Bulgarian people from the 17th to the 20th century. The museum contains a wealth of exhibits from around the country, amounting to over 50,000 items including national costumes, jewellery, art works and musical instruments.

If you are lucky, and the place is not crowded, one of the staff members may give you a personal tour. This is the best possible place to find out about local folklore and to gain an understanding of the traditional clothes (the embroidery on the borders serve a purpose in Bulgarian mythology), customs and beliefs. It is also a popular cultural and educational centre.

The National Ethnographic Museum is located in the same building as the National Gallery, the old Royal Palace, and you can buy a joint ticket to see both of these worthwhile attractions if you prefer. A great museum shop on the premises sells crafts and other traditional items from all over Bulgaria - a useful place to shop for presents for those waiting at home.

map of National Ethnographic Museum

Address: 1 Prince Alexander Square.

Website: bulgariatravel.org/en/object/286/Etnografski_institut_BAN

Vitosha Mountain
Sofia

Rising above the capital city of Sofia, Vitosha Mountain is one of the symbols of the capital and is the most visited mountain in Bulgaria. Starting where the suburbs end, the whole mountain has been designated a national park - the oldest in the Balkans - and is home to deer, bear, wild boar, fox and a variety of rare birds. Vitosha is known for its 'stone rivers', or moraines, piles of huge rounded granite boulders carried and deposited by glaciers thousands of years ago, as well as for its restorative mineral springs.

Vitosha is popular during all seasons and the well-known resort of Aleko is the most established winter ski resort in the area, offering modern hotels and ski facilities within easy reach of the capital. Although you could spend a good portion of your holiday enjoying this mountain and staying in its resorts, you can just as easily head up the mountain for a hike one afternoon and experience some beautiful views of the city below. There is a cable-car and several bus routes which can take you part of the way up Vitosha. There are several great picnic sites to enjoy if the weather is good and an excursion up the mountain is a lovely activity for the whole family.

map of Vitosha Mountain

Rila Monastery
Mountains

The biggest and most famous of Bulgaria's monasteries is situated in the northwestern part of the Rila Mountains and is one of the most significant monuments on the Balkan Peninsula. Rila Monastery was founded by a hermit, St John of Rila, in the 10th century, and eventually became a monastic complex that played an important role in the spiritual history of medieval Bulgaria.

Having survived fire, abandonment and plunder, the monastery fascinates visitors with its exquisite architecture, rich murals and icons and valuable museum collection, including old manuscripts, jewellery, textiles, church treasures and a library containing thousands of books. The Rila Monastery is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a must-see attraction for anybody visiting Bulgaria.

Photography is not allowed inside the Monastery, and although the monastery does provide shawls to borrow for those who are underdressed, it is best to go prepared in respectful and conservative clothing when you visit this religious site.

map of Rila Monastery

Momchilovtsi
Mountains

In the heart of the Rhodope Mountains lies the picturesque village of Momchilovtsi, a popular cultural and ethnographic centre that has preserved its original folklore, traditions and crafts. The Centre for Traditional Bulgarian Arts and Crafts provides a unique opportunity for visitors to attend courses to learn about, and participate in, traditional crafts like folk dancing, weaving, woodcarving, cooking, music and various artistic handicrafts.

In winter it is a popular base from which to visit the famous ski resort of Pamporovo, which is only four miles (7km) away, and the surrounding mountains and rivers offer superb hiking, spelunking, trout fishing, and hunting. The village is set in beautiful surroundings and many use a holiday here as a retreat from the bustle of city life; like a number of other areas in Bulgaria, Momchilovtsi is known for its clean air and is often promoted as a good spot for health and rehabilitation holidays. There are 24 churches and chapels in the village and its immediate vicinity, including the famous SS. Constantine and Helen Church, built in 1836. The village offers a number of guided walking tours which help visitors make the most of the local scenery and nearby attractions.

map of Momchilovtsi

Website: http://www.momchilovtsi.info

Petrified Forest

Just 13 miles (about 20km) west of Varna, Pobiti Kamani (the Petrified Forest) makes for an interesting and worthwhile daytrip. The origin of the stone columns - which measure up to 23 feet (seven metres) in height, and 10 feet (three metres) in girth - remains a mystery, with geologists holding differing opinions about how they were formed.

Regardless of their origin, however, Pobiti Kamani's columns are unique, and make for a fascinating, photo-filled excursion from Varna. Needless to say, visitors and locals come up with their own, more mystical explanations for the phenomenon, and many feel that it is a magical place.

Occupying an area of 27 square miles (70 sq km), the Petrified Forest is a wonderful place to spend the day, exploring the strange terrain, and enjoying a picnic in the sun. It is best to go in April or early May, when the weather is idyllic, but even if it is not sunny the landscape will intrigue visitors. You have complete freedom to wander about the area at your leisure and it is a great excursion for the whole family.

map of Petrified Forest

Address: Varna Province, on the road between Varna and Sofia.

Boyana Church
Sofia

The Boyana Church complex - located on the outskirts of Sofia - is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and one of Bulgaria's most important tourist attractions. The first of the three buildings that make up the Boyana Church complex was built in the 10th century, but it is the second building - constructed in the 13th century - that is the obvious tourist draw card.

Containing frescoes painted in 1259, the second Boyana Church building is nothing less than the site of the most important collection of medieval eastern European art in the world. The paintings, which conform to a Byzantine aesthetic, are almost perfectly preserved and offer visitors a rare insight into the long, proud history of Bulgarian art and culture. The church complex also houses the National Museum which boasts a rich collection of historical and cultural artefacts. It is recommended that visitors hire one of the professional guides available to give them a tour of the church and museum as they greatly enrich the experience.

map of Boyana Church

Address: ул. Боянско езеро 3, 1616 Sofia, Bulgaria.

Website: http://www.boyanachurch.org

Public Holidays in Bulgaria

  2020 2021
Boxing Day Fri. December 26 Fri. December 26
New Year's Day Wed. January 1 Wed. January 1
Liberation Day Mon. March 3 Mon. March 3
Orthodox Easter Sat. April 19 Fri. May 2
Labour Day Thu. May 1 Thu. May 1
St George's Day Tue. May 6 Tue. May 6
Day of Culture and Literacy Sat. May 24 Sat. May 24
Unification Day Sat. September 6 Sat. September 6
Independence Day Mon. September 22 Mon. September 22
Revival Day Sat. November 1 Sat. November 1
Christmas Thu. December 25 Thu. December 25
Christmas Eve Wed. December 24 Wed. December 24

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